Prostatitisis an inflammatory disease of the prostate.It begins to develop in 80% of young men aged 20 to 30.There are acute and chronic prostatitis.Bacterial prostatitis occurs in 10% of cases.A combination of prostatitis with prostate adenoma and cystitis is often found.
Prostatitis is usually treated at home, but in severe cases and acute forms hospitalization may be necessary.
General information
Bacteria that cause prostate inflammation:
- Escherichia coli (the most common pathogen);
- Klebsiela;
- staphylococci;
- streptococci;
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
- chlamydia;
- mycoplasma;
- gonococci;
- Trichomonas
Main symptoms:
- burning in the urethra;
- heaviness when urinating;
- frequent urge to urinate, accompanied by unpleasant sensations;
- slow flow of urine;
- feeling of a full bladder even after urinating;
- decreased potency;
- high temperature (in acute form).
Diagnostic methods:
- digital rectal examination of the prostate;
- ultrasound examination of the prostate;
- microscopic examination of a smear;
- bacterial culture from the smear;
- detection of bacterial DNA by PCR - Androflor.
Antibacterial therapy
The choice of antibiotics for treating prostatitis is quite limited.This is due to the fact that only highly fat-soluble antibiotics are able to accumulate in sufficiently high concentrations in the prostate.
List of antibacterial drugs for the treatment of acute prostatitis:
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Penicillins;
- Cephalosporins;
- Aminoglycosides.
Antibiotics for the treatment of chronic prostatitis:
- Fluoroquinolones;
- Macrolides;
- Tetracyclines.
Fluoroquinolones
Fluoroquinolones are the most effective medications for bacterial prostatitis.Broad-spectrum medications.Active against all prostatitis pathogens.
They are used for acute and chronic prostatitis.
Side effects:
- photodermatitis - allergic skin irritation under the influence of sunlight;
- tendonitis – inflammation of the tendons;
- heart rhythm disorder - prolongation of the QT interval;
- anxiety;
- sleep disorder.
When fluoroquinolones are administered concomitantly with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, convulsions similar to those during an epileptic seizure may occur.
In each specific case of illness, the dosage and form of use can only be prescribed by the attending physician.
Macrolides
The best medicines for prostatitis caused by intracellular pathogens - chlamydia and mycoplasma.They have an anti-inflammatory effect.
The disadvantage is its low effectiveness against the main pathogens - Escherichia coli and Klebsiella.
They are only used for chronic prostatitis in the form of tablets or capsules.
Side effects:
- increased liver enzymes in the blood;
- bile stagnation;
- heart rhythm disorder - QT interval prolongation
The course is 8 weeks.
Tetracyclines
Active against chlamydia and mycoplasma.Ineffective against common prostatitis pathogens.Their main advantage is that they are cheap and effective.
Used only for chronic prostatitis.
The course of therapy is 8 weeks.
Side effects:
- peptic ulcer of the esophagus;
- liver and kidney damage;
- yellow color of teeth;
- photodermatitis;
- impaired coordination of movements.
Penicillins, cephalosporins and aminoglycosides
They are used in the form of injections in the following cases:
- severe course of acute prostatitis;
- lack of effect when taking fluoroquinolones;
- The main causative agent of prostatitis is gonococci.
Nitroimidazoles and nitrofurans
These medications are used for prostatitis caused by Trichomonas.
It is strictly prohibited to drink alcohol while taking them.
Side effects:
- metallic taste in the mouth;
- impaired coordination of movements;
- increased levels of liver enzymes in the blood;
- decrease in the number of red blood cells and white blood cells.
Non-antibacterial therapy
For the successful treatment of prostatitis, especially chronic prostatitis, in addition to the use of antibiotics, the following types of treatment are used:
- Prostate massage is the best way to improve blood supply and drain inflammatory secretions from the prostate;
- physiotherapy;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs - not used in parallel with fluoroquinolones;
- herbal preparations;
- alpha-blockers.